Assistive Technologies

                                                                  Assistive Technologies

Assistive technology includes technology devices used by individuals with disabilities in order to perform functions that may be difficult or impossible to accomplish without the use of the needed device. Assistive technology include, but is not limited to, mobility devices such as walkers and wheelchairs, hardware, software, and many other devices that may assist people with disabilities in accessing computers or other information technologies. For example, people with limited vision may need large print or a hand held magnifier. “Regardless of the specific application of technology, the general goal is always the same: to harness the potential of technology in ways that offer an individual with a disability increased opportunities for learning, productivity, and independence-opportunities that otherwise would not be available”(Roblyer & Doering, 2013, p.400).

Mild Cognitive Disabilities are among the most prevalent type of disability and may also be referred to as intellectual or developmental disabilities. Such disabilities include: learning disabilities, mental retardation, and serious emotional disabilities. Students with such disabilities are capable of learning but may learn at slower paces. “Typically, the important issue for these students is not physical access to the technology, but reading, writing, memory, and retention of information” (Roblyer & Doering, 2013, p.406). Some resources for students with mild and moderate disabilities include: WizCom's Quicktionary Reading Pen and Dragon Talk's Dragon Naturally Speaking

Moderate and Severe Cognitive Disabilities- Individuals with moderate to severe cognitive disabilities have limits in their mental functioning such as their ability to communicate, socialize, and take care of their everyday needs. “For individuals with moderate and severe cognitive disabilities, considerable effort is devoted to ensuring that they acquire daily living such as personal hygiene, shopping, and use of public transportation” (Roblyer & Doering, 2013, p.408). Software helps teach and reinforce functional skills for students with mild to severe disabilities. Some resources include: Freedom Scientific’s WYNN word processing software and Attainment Company. Also, many apps are available such as Time. Money, Fractions On-Track iPad app.

Physical Disabilities- Causes and conditions that impair mobility and movement are considered a physical disability. These disabilities may cause the inability to use legs, arms, or the body trunk effectively because of paralysis, stiffness, or pain.. They may also contribute to other disabilities such as impaired speech, memory loss, short stature, and hearing loss. Resources include: Able Net, Inc. and Enabling Devices

Sensory Disabilities can involve any of the five senses, but usually in education, it generally refers to a disability related to hearing, vision, or both hearing and vision. Sensory disabilities affect access to visual and/or auditory information. Much content information is presented visually and/or auditory in the classroom. It is important that children experiencing a vision and/or a hearing loss are appropriately identified to ensure access to education. Resources for sensory disabilities include: Vision Cue and Freedom Scientific Blind/LowVision Group

At-Risk Behaviors/Situations- “Students at risk for school failure are not considered disabled in the sense of the federal definition of disability. However, their lack of success in school often parallels the low performance of students with disabilities” (Roblyer & Doering, 2013, p.409). Resources for at-risk students include many websites and software that provide powerful and motivating opportunities to engage in learning activities. Some include: BrainPop and Don Johnston, Inc.

Gifts and Talents- Students who show evidence of high achievement in areas of intellect, creativity, artistic, and leadership usually need to be provided services and activities outside of the “normal” school program. The students are considered gifted and/or talented. Resources for students with gifts and talents include: Duke Tip Program and Hoagies’ Gifted Education Page